Global Warming Potential (GWP) is a standard measure that compares the heat-trapping strength of greenhouse gases over 100 years, using carbon dioxide as the baseline.
GWP shows how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere compared with the same amount of carbon dioxide.
Biogas from piggery effluent is largely made up of a combination of greenhouse gases – carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄).
The GWP shows us that methane is much more potent than carbon dioxide in trapping heat. Where:
- Carbon dioxide:GWP = 1
- Methane: GWP ≈ 28 times more than carbon dioxide
This means 1 tonne of methane warms the planet about 28 times more than 1 tonne of CO₂ over 100 years.
Capturing methane from piggery effluent (via a covered pond), turns a powerful greenhouse gas into energy, cutting its warming effect compared with letting it escape to the atmosphere.